Automatic focusing method for camera performing additional scanning

ABSTRACT

An automatic focusing method for a camera, including scanning in a macro mode, scanning in a normal mode, and additional scanning. In the scanning in the macro mode, a region within a first distance is scanned if the macro mode is set by a user. In the scanning in the normal mode, a region beyond the first distance is scanned if the normal mode is set by the user. In the additional scanning, the scanning in the normal mode is performed additionally if it is determined that the position of the focus lens found in the scanning in the macro mode does not have the largest focus value, and the scanning in the macro mode is performed additionally if it is determined that the position of the focus lens found in the scanning in the normal mode does not have the largest focus value.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/007,016, filed on Dec. 8, 2004, which will issue as U.S. Pat. No. 7,719,603 on May 18, 2010, which claims the priority of Korean Patent Application No. 2003-93764, filed on Dec. 19, 2003, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

BACKGROUND

Various embodiments of the invention relate to an automatic focusing method for a camera, and more particularly, to an automatic focusing method for a camera in which a focus motor is driven step by step and a position of a focus lens at which the largest focus value proportionate to an amount of high frequency components in an image signal is found.

For automatic focusing of a conventional camera, for example, a digital camera, such as Digimax 350SE manufactured by Samsung Techwin Co., Ltd., a user has to press a shutter button and the user has to select either a macro mode or a normal mode.

The macro mode is appropriate when a subject is within a first distance, for example, 30 cm through 80 cm, from a focus lens. If the macro mode is set by a user, automatic focusing is performed in a region within the first distance. The normal mode is appropriate when the subject is beyond the first distance, for example, 80 cm through infinity, from the focus lens. If the normal mode is set by the user, automatic focusing is performed in a region beyond the first distance.

In such a conventional automatic focusing method described above, users set the macro mode or the normal mode. However, most users may have difficulty deciding whether the macro mode or the normal mode is appropriate for a current position of a subject. If a user fails to set a mode properly, the accuracy of automatic focusing may be undermined.

SUMMARY

Various embodiments of the invention provides an automatic focusing method which can enhance the accuracy of automatic focusing even if a user fails to select a proper mode between a macro mode and a normal mode.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an automatic focusing method for a camera, typically having a focus motor driven in a step by step manner, in which scanning is performed to find a position of a focus lens having the largest focus value proportional to an amount of high frequency components in an image signal, and a final position of the focus lens is set according to the result of the scanning. The method includes scanning in a macro mode, scanning in a normal mode, and additional scanning. In the scanning in the macro mode, a region within a first distance is scanned if the macro mode, appropriate for a state in which the subject is within the first distance from the focus lens, is set by a user. In the scanning in the normal mode, a region beyond the first distance is scanned if the normal mode, appropriate for a state in which the subject is beyond the first distance from the focus lens, is set by the user. In the additional scanning, the scanning in the normal mode is performed additionally if it is determined that the position of the focus lens found in the scanning in the macro mode does not have the largest focus value, and the scanning in the macro mode is performed additionally if it is determined that the position of the focus lens found in the scanning in the normal mode does not have the largest focus value.

In the method, since additional scanning is performed adaptively, even if a user fails to select a proper mode between the macro mode and the normal mode, the accuracy of automatic focusing can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other features and advantages of various embodiments of the invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the front and the top of a digital camera according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the back of the digital camera of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a portion of the digital camera 1 of FIG. 1 on which light is incident;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the entire configuration of the digital camera of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a photographing control algorithm of a digital signal processor (DSP) illustrated in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6A is a graph illustrating major characteristics of an automatic-focus setting routine (operation 707) illustrated in FIG. 5;

FIG. 6B is a flowchart illustrating the AF setting routine (operation 707) illustrated in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating first and second reference characteristic curves used in operations S30, S90, and S110 illustrated in FIG. 6B;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating operation S10 illustrated in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating operations S20 and S80 illustrated in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10A is a flowchart illustrating operations S30 and S90 illustrated in FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10B is a flowchart illustrating operations S30 and S90 illustrated in FIG. 6 according to another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating operation S50 illustrated in FIG. 6; and

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating operation S70 illustrated in FIG. 6.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to FIG. 1, the front and top of a digital camera 1 according to an embodiment of the invention include a microphone MIC, a self-timer lamp 11, a flash 12, a shutter button 13, a mode dial 14, a function-selection button 15, a photographing information display 16, a viewfinder 17 a, a function-block button 18, a flash light intensity sensor 19, a lens unit 20, and an external interface unit 21.

In a self-timer mode, the self-timer lamp 11 operates for a set period of time from the time when the shutter button 13 is pressed to the time when a shutter operates.

The mode dial 14 is used for selecting and setting operating modes of the digital camera 1, such as a still-image photographing mode, a night view photographing mode, a moving-image photographing mode, a reproducing mode, a computer connection mode, and a system setting mode. The function-selection button 15 is used for selecting any one of the operating modes of the digital camera 1.

The photographing information display 16 displays information regarding functions related to photographing. The function-block button 18 is used when a user selects one of the functions displayed on the photographing information display 16.

Referring to FIG. 2, the back of the digital camera 1 includes a speaker SP, a power button 31, a monitor button 32, an automatic focusing light 33, a viewfinder 17 b, a flash standby light 34, a color LCD panel 35, a confirm/delete button 36, an enter/reproduce button 37, a menu button 38, a wide angle-zoom button 39 _(W), a telephoto-zoom button 39 _(T), an up button 40up, a right button 40ri, a down button 40do, and a left button 40le.

The monitor button 32 is used for controlling the operation of the color LCD panel 35. For example, when the user presses the monitor button 32, an image and photographing information are displayed on the color LCD panel 35. When the user presses the monitor button 32 again, only the image is displayed on the color LCD panel 35. When the user presses the monitor button 32 three times, the color LCD panel 35 is turned off.

The automatic focusing light 33 operates when automatic focusing is completed. The flash standby light 34 operates when the flash 12 of FIG. 1 is in a standby mode. The confirm/delete button 36 is used for confirmation or deletion in the process of setting a mode. The enter/reproduce button 37 is for inputting data, or for stop or reproduction in a reproducing mode. The menu button 38 is used to display menus for a mode selected from the mode dial 14. The up button 40up, right button 40ri, the down button 40do, and the left button 40le are used in the process of setting a mode.

FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a portion of the digital camera 1 of FIG. 1 on which light is incident. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the entire configuration of the digital camera of FIG. 1. The entire configuration of the digital camera 1 of FIG. 1 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

An optical system (OPS) including the lens unit 20 and a filter unit 41 optically processes light. The lens unit 20 includes a zoom lens ZL, a focus lens FL, and a compensation lens CL.

When the user presses the wide angle-zoom button 39 _(W) or the telephoto-zoom button 39 _(T) included in a user input unit (INP), a signal corresponding to the wide angle-zoom button 39 _(W) or the telephoto-zoom button 39 _(T) is relayed to a micro-controller 512. The micro-controller 512 controls a lens driver 510, thereby running a zoom motor M_(Z), which in turn, moves the zoom lens ZL. In other words, when the user presses the wide angle-zoom button 39 _(W), the focal length of the zoom lens ZL becomes short, thereby widening the angle of view. When the user presses the telephoto-zoom button 39 _(T), the focal length of the zoom lens ZL becomes long, thereby narrowing the angle of view. Since the position of the focus lens FL is adjusted in a state where the position of the zoom lens ZL is set, the angle of view is hardly affected by the position of the focus lens FL.

If a subject is automatically or manually focused on, the position of the focus lens FL changes with respect to a subject distance Dc. Since the position of the focus lens FL is adjusted when the position of the zoom lens ZL is set, the subject distance Dc is affected by the position of the zoom lens ZL.

In an automatic focusing mode, a main controller built into a digital signal processor (DSP) 507 controls the lens driver 510 through the micro controller 512, thereby driving a focus motor M_(F). Accordingly, the focus lens FL can be moved by a predetermined distance, and, in this process, the position of the focus lens FL at which a focus value proportionate to the amount of high frequency components contained in an image signal, for example the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F), is largest can be set.

The compensation lens CL is not separately operated because the compensation lens CL compensates for the entire refractive index. Reference numeral M_(A) indicates a motor driving an aperture (not shown). The aperture-driving motor M_(A) has different rotation angles when in a designated exposure mode and when not in the designated exposure mode. In the designated exposure mode, if a region desired by a user in a region where a subject is located matches a designated detection region displayed on the color LCD panel 35 of the digital camera 1, the exposure of the digital camera 1 is set according to an average luminance of the designated detection region.

An optical low pass filter (OLPF) included in the filter unit 41 of the OPS eliminates high frequency optical noise. An infrared cut filter (IRF) included in the filter unit of the OPS blocks the infrared component of incident light.

A photoelectric conversion unit (OEC) of a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) converts light from the OPS into an analog electrical signal. Here, the DSP 507 controls a timing circuit 502 to control the operations of the OEC and a correlation-double-sampler-and-analog-to-digital converter (CDS-ADC) 501. The CDS-ADC 501 processes an analog signal from the OEC, eliminates the high frequency noise, adjusts the amplitude of the analog signal, and then converts the analog signal into a digital signal.

The DSP 507 processes the digital signal from the CDS-ADC 501 and generates a digital image composed of luminance and chromaticity values. The DSP 507 performs a photographing control algorithm illustrated in FIG. 5.

A light source (LAMP) operated by the micro-controller 512 includes the self-timer lamp 11, the automatic focusing light 33, and the flash standby light 34. The INP includes the shutter button 13, the mode dial 14, the function-selection button 15, the function-block button 18, the monitor button 32, the confirm/delete button 36, the enter/reproduce button 37, the menu button 38, the wide angle-zoom button 39 _(W), the telephoto-zoom button 39 _(T), the up button 40up, the right button 40ri, the down button 40do, and the left button 40le.

A dynamic random access memory (DRAM) 504 temporarily stores a digital image signal from the DSP 507. An electrically erasable and programmable read only memory (EEPROM) 505 stores algorithms and setting data needed for the operation of the DSP 507. A user's memory card is inserted or removed in a memory card interface 506. The digital image signal from the DSP 507 is input to an LCD driver 514, thereby displaying an image on the color LCD panel 35.

The digital image signal from the DSP 507 can be transmitted via a universal serial bus (USB) connector 21 a or via an RS232C interface 508 and an RS232C connector 21 b for serial communications. The digital image signal from the DSP 507 can also be transmitted via a video filter 509 and a video output unit 21 c as a video signal.

An audio processor 513 can relay sound from the microphone MIC to the DSP 507 or to a speaker SP. In addition, the audio processor 513 can output an audio signal from the DSP 507 to the speaker SP. The micro-controller 512 controls the operation of a flash controller 511 in response to a signal from the flash light intensity sensor 19, thereby driving the flash 12.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the photographing control algorithm of the DSP 507 illustrated in FIG. 4. The photographing control algorithm of the DSP 507 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 5. The shutter button 13 included in the INP has two levels. In other words, after operating the wide angle-zoom button 39 _(W) and the telephoto-zoom button 39 _(T), when a user lightly depresses the shutter button 13 to a first level, a first level signal 51 from the shutter button 13 is turned on.

When the user fully depresses the shutter button 13 to a second level, a second level signal S2 of the shutter button 13 is turned on. Therefore, the photographing control algorithm starts when the first level signal 51 from the shutter button 13 is turned on (operation 701). Here, the current position of the zoom lens ZL is already set.

The DSP 507 inspects the remaining capacity of the memory card (operation 702) and determines whether the memory card has enough capacity for recording a digital image (operation 703). When the memory card does not have enough recordable capacity, the DSP 507 indicates the lack of capacity of the memory card (operation 704). When the memory card has enough recordable capacity, the following steps are performed.

In an automatic white balance (AWB) mode, parameters related to the AWB are set (operation 705). In an automatic exposure mode, the DSP 507 calculates the exposure by measuring incident luminance and drives the aperture driving motor M_(A) according to the calculated exposure (operation 706).

In the automatic focusing mode, a current position of the focus lens FL is set (operation 707). This automatic-focus (AF) setting routine algorithm will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B.

It is determined whether the first level signal S1 is on (operation 708). When the first level signal S1 is not on, it means that the user does not wish to take a photograph. Therefore, a photographing operation is terminated. When the first level signal S1 is on, the following steps are performed.

It is determined whether the second level signal S2 is on (operation 709). When the second level signal S2 is not on, it means that the user did not fully depress the shutter button 13 to the second level. Therefore, operation 706 is re-performed.

When the second level signal S2 is on, it means that the user fully depressed the shutter button 13 to the second level. Therefore, the photographing operation is performed (operation 710). In other words, the DSP 507 is operated by the micro-controller 512, and the OEC and the CDS-ADC 501 are operated by the timing circuit 502.

Next, image data is compressed (operation 711), and a compressed image file is created (operation 712). The image file created by the DSP 507 is stored in the user's memory card via the memory card interface 506 (operation 713), and the photographing control algorithm is terminated.

FIG. 6A is a graph illustrating major characteristics of the AF setting routine (operation 707) illustrated in FIG. 5. Referring to FIG. 6A, DS indicates the number of driving steps of the focus lens FL illustrated in FIG. 3, and FV indicates a focus value. Reference numeral Z_(M) indicates a scanning region in the macro mode for a state in which a subject is within the first distance, for example, 30 cm through 80 cm, from the focus lens FL. Reference numeral Z_(N) indicates a scanning region in the normal mode for a state in which the subject is beyond the first distance, for example, 80 cm through infinity, from the focus lens FL.

DS_(I) is the number of driving steps of the focus lens FL corresponding to infinite distance. DS_(B) is the number of driving steps of the focus lens FL corresponding to a distance of 80 cm from the subject. DS_(M) is the number of driving steps of the focus lens FL corresponding to a distance having a maximum focus value. DS_(S) is the number of driving steps corresponding to a distance of 30 cm from the subject. The major characteristics of the AF setting routine algorithm illustrated in FIG. 5 will now be described with reference to FIG. 6A.

If the normal mode is set by the user, the DSP 507 performs first scanning in the scanning region Z_(N) for the normal mode. If the maximum focus value to be set finally is not acquired in the scanning region Z_(N), the DSP 507 additionally performs second scanning in the scanning region Z_(M) for the macro mode.

Conversely, if the macro mode is set by the user, the DSP 507 performs first scanning in the scanning region Z_(M) for the macro mode. If the maximum focus value to be finally set is not acquired in the scanning region Z_(M), the DSP 507 additionally performs second scanning in the scanning region Z_(N) for the normal mode.

FIG. 6B is a flowchart illustrating the AF setting routine algorithm illustrated in FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating first and second reference characteristic curves used in operations S30, S90, and S110 illustrated in FIG. 6B. In FIG. 7, DS is the number of driving steps of the focus lens FL, and FV indicates a focus value. C1 is the first reference characteristic curve, and C2 is the second reference characteristic curve. B_(DS) is a region around the maximum focus value to be finally set where the second reference characteristic curve C2 is used. A_(DS) and C_(DS) indicate regions where the first reference characteristic curve C1 is used.

The AF setting routine algorithm illustrated in FIG. 5 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 6B and 7. The DSP 507 is initialized for automatic focusing (S10). The DSP 507 performs basic scanning (S20). If the macro mode is set by a user for the state in which a subject is within a first distance, for example, 30 cm through 80 cm from the focus lens FL, the DSP 507 scans a region corresponding to the first distance. Conversely, if the normal mode is set by the user for the state in which the subject is beyond the first distance, for example, 80 cm through infinity from the focus lens FL, the DSP 507 scans a region beyond the first distance.

During the macro-mode scanning or normal-mode scanning operation included in the basic scanning operation (S20), the DSP 507 outputs a focus value FV proportionate to the amount of high frequency components contained in an image signal per every first number of driving steps of the focus motor M_(F) (FIG. 4), for example 8 driving steps. Here, the focus motor is a stepping motor. Whenever the focus value FV is output, the maximum focus value FV is updated.

Whenever the focus value FV is output in the basic scanning operation (S20), it is determined from the first reference characteristic curve C1 of FIG. 7 whether the output focus value FV has increased or decreased (S30). Specifically, if the difference between the maximum focus value FV and the output focus value FV as a percentage of the maximum focus value FV is greater than a first reference based on the first reference characteristic curve C1, the DSP 507 determines that the output focus value FV has decreased.

The first reference percentage based on the first reference characteristic curve C1 is low, around 10 to 20 percent, because there is a high probability that the position of a current focus value FV is not around the position of the maximum focus value FV finally set. In this case, the difference between focus values FVs of adjacent positions is low.

If it is determined that the output focus value FV has decreased (S40), the position of the current maximum focus value FV is regarded as the position of the maximum focus value FV in an entire moving range of the focus lens FL. Accordingly, the DSP 507 checks the position of the maximum focus value FV with reference to the second reference characteristic curve C2 of FIG. 7 (S110). In this case, the macro-mode scanning or the normal-mode scanning operation is stopped, and a region around the position of the maximum focus value FV is scanned per every second number of driving steps, for example, 1 driving step smaller than the first number of driving steps. Thus, the final position of the focus lens FL is set.

Specifically, the DSP 507 outputs a focus value FV, which is proportionate to the amount of high frequency components contained in the image signal, for every driving step of the focus motor M_(F). Whenever the focus value FV is output, the maximum focus value FV is updated. Whenever the focus value FV is output, it is determined, from the second reference characteristic curve C2 of FIG. 7, whether the output focus value FV has increased or decreased. More specifically, if the difference between the maximum focus value and the output focus value FV as a percentage of the maximum focus value FV is greater than a second reference based on the second reference characteristic curve C2, the DSP 507 determines that the output focus value FV has decreased. If not, the DSP 507 determines that the output focus value FV has increased (see FIG. 10A or 10B).

The second reference percentage based on the second characteristic curve C2 is larger than the first reference percentage because the difference between the focus values FVs of adjacent positions around the position of the maximum focus value FV finally set is large. If it is determined that the output focus value FV has decreased, the position of a current maximum focus value FV is regarded as the position of the maximum focus value FV in the entire moving range of the focus lens FL.

If it is determined in operation S40 that the output focus value FV has increased, the position of the current maximum focus value FV is not regarded as the position of the maximum focus value FV in the entire moving range of the focus lens FL. Accordingly, the following steps are performed.

The DSP 507 determines whether the focus lens FL is positioned in a boundary region (S50). The boundary region denotes a region for the macro-mode scanning or the normal-mode scanning operation in S20. If the focus lens FL is not positioned in the boundary region, the DSP 507 continues to perform the basic scanning operation (S20) and its following steps. If the focus lens FL is positioned in the boundary region, additional scanning is performed.

Specifically, if it is determined that a focus value FV obtained in the macro-mode scanning operation is not the largest, the normal-mode scanning is additionally performed. Conversely, if it is determined that a focus value FV obtained in the normal-mode scanning operation is not the largest, the macro-mode scanning is additionally performed.

Since additional scanning is performed adaptively in such a way, even if a user fails to select a proper mode between the macro mode and the normal mode, the accuracy of automatic focusing can be improved.

More specifically, the DSP 507 is initialized for additional scanning (S70). The DSP 507 performs the additional scanning (S80). During the macro-mode scanning or normal-mode scanning included in the additional scanning operation (S80), the DSP 507 outputs a focus value FV proportionate to the amount of high frequency components contained in an image signal for every first number of driving steps of the focus motor M_(F) (FIG. 4), for example 8 driving steps. Whenever the focus value FV is output, the maximum focus value FV is updated.

Whenever the focus value FV is output in the additional scanning operation (S80), it is determined, from the first reference characteristic curve C1 of FIG. 7, whether the output focus value FV has increased or decreased (S90). More specifically, if the difference between the maximum focus value and the current focus value FV as a percentage of the maximum focus value FV is greater than the first reference based on the first reference characteristic curve C1, the DSP 507 determines that the current focus value FV has decreased. If not, the DSP 507 determines that the current focus value FV has increased.

The first reference percentage based on the first reference characteristic curve C1 is as low, around 10 to 20 percent, because there is a high probability that the position of a current focus value FV is not around the position of the maximum focus value FV set finally. In this case, the difference between focus values FVs of adjacent positions is low.

If it is determined that the output focus value FV has decreased (S100), the position of the current maximum focus value FV is regarded as the position of the maximum focus value FV in the entire moving range of the focus lens FL. Accordingly, the DSP 507 checks the position of the maximum focus value in the second reference characteristic curve C2 of FIG. 7 (S110). S110 has been described above.

If it is determined that the output focus value FV has increased (S100), the position of the current maximum focus value FV is not regarded as the position of the maximum focus value in the entire moving range of the focus lens FL. Accordingly, the additional scanning step (S80) and its following steps are performed.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating S10 illustrated in FIG. 6B. Referring to FIG. 8, if the macro mode is set by a user (S81), the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to a starting position at which the focus lens FL starts to move is set to the number of position steps corresponding to 30 cm from a subject. The number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to an ending position at which the focus lens FL stops moving is set to the number of position steps corresponding to 80 cm from the subject. The number of driving steps of the focus motor M_(F) is set to 8, and the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the boundary position of the focus lens FL is set to the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the ending position of the focus lens FL plus the number of driving steps (8) times 2 (S82). The boundary position is used in S60 of FIG. 6B.

If the normal mode is set by the user (S81), the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the starting position of the focus lens FL is set to the number of position steps corresponding to infinity from the subject. The number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the ending position of the focus lens FL is set to the number of position steps corresponding to 80 cm from the subject. The number of driving steps of the focus motor M_(F) is set to 8, and the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the boundary position of the focus lens FL is set to the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the ending position of the focus lens FL minus the number of driving steps (8) times 2 (S83). The boundary position is used in S60 of FIG. 6B.

The DSP 507 drives the focus motor M_(F) using the micro-controller 512 and moves the focus lens FL to the starting position (S84).

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating S20 and S80 illustrated in FIG. 6B. Referring to FIG. 9, the DSP 507 drives the focus motor M_(F) by a predetermined number of driving steps using the micro-controller 512, thereby moving the focus lens FL (S91).

The DSP 507 drives the aperture motor M_(A) using the micro-controller 512 and exposes the OEC of FIG. 4 (S92). The DSP 507 processes frame data received from the CDS-ADC 501 and outputs a focus value FV that is proportionate to the amount of high frequency components contained in the frame data (S93).

The DSP 507 updates a current focus value FV to the output focus value FV (S94). If the updated current focus value FV is greater than the maximum focus value FV (S95), the DSP 507 updates the maximum focus value FV to the updated current focus value FV and, accordingly, the maximum focus-value position is updated to the current focus-value position (S96).

FIG. 10A is a flowchart illustrating S30 and S90 illustrated in FIG. 6B according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 10A, the DSP 507 calculates a decreasing ratio of a current focus value FV to a maximum focus value (S101) using

$\begin{matrix} {{{Decreasing}\mspace{14mu}{Ratio}} = \frac{{{Maximum}\mspace{14mu}{Focus}\mspace{14mu}{Value}} - {{Current}\mspace{14mu}{Focus}\mspace{14mu}{Value}}}{{Maximum}\mspace{14mu}{Focus}\mspace{14mu}{Value}}} & (1) \end{matrix}$ If the decreasing ratio is greater than the first reference R_(TH) of the first reference characteristic curve C1, the DSP 507 determines that the current focus value FV has decreased (S102 and S104). If not, the DSP 507 determines that the current focus value FV has increased (S102 and S103).

FIG. 10B is a flowchart illustrating S30 and S90 illustrated in FIG. 6B according to another embodiment of the invention. The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10B enables more accurate determination about whether the current focus value FV is in the increase-state or decrease-state than the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10A.

If the current focus value FV is greater than a previous focus value, the DSP 507 determines that the current focus value FV is in the increase-state and ends S30 and S90 (S200 and S203). If the current focus value FV is less than the previous value, the DSP 507 performs the following step.

The DSP 507 calculates a decreasing ratio using Equation 1 (S201). If the resulting ratio is greater than the first reference R_(TH) of the first reference characteristic curve C1, the DSP 507 determines that the current focus value FV has decreased (S202 and S204). If not, the DSP 507 determines that the current focus value FV has increased (S202 and S203).

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating S50 illustrated in FIG. 6B. Referring to FIG. 11, if the macro mode is set by a user, the DSP 507 compares the number of steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to a current position with that of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the boundary position (operations 111 and 112). If the number of steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the current position is greater than that of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the boundary position, the DSP 507 determines that the current position is in the boundary region (S114) and that the position of a maximum focus value to be set finally is in the additional scanning region (operation 115).

If the normal mode is set by the user, the DSP 507 compares the number of steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the current position with that of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the boundary position (operations 111 and 113). If the number of steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the current position is greater than that of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the boundary position, the DSP 507 determines that the current position is in the boundary region (S114) and that the position of a maximum focus value to be set finally is in the additional scanning region (operation 115).

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating S70 illustrated in FIG. 6B. Referring to FIG. 12, if the macro mode is set by the user (S121), the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the starting position at which the focus lens FL starts to move is set to the number of position steps corresponding to the current position. The number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the ending position at which the focus lens FL stops moving is set to the number of position steps corresponding to infinity from the subject. The number of driving steps of the focus motor M_(F) is set to 8 (operation 122).

If the normal mode is set by the user (S121), the number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the starting position of the focus lens FL is set to the number of position steps corresponding to the current position. The number of position steps of the focus motor M_(F) corresponding to the ending position of the focus lens FL is set to the number of position steps corresponding to 30 cm from the subject. The number of driving steps of the focus motor M_(F) is set to 8 (operation 123).

As described above, in an automatic focusing method according to various embodiments of the invention, since additional scanning is performed adaptively, even if a user fails to select a proper mode between the macro mode and the normal mode, the accuracy of automatic focusing can be improved.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims. 

1. An automatic focusing method, the method comprising: setting one mode among a macro mode and a normal mode, wherein the macro mode is appropriate for photographing a subject within a first distance and the normal mode is appropriate for photographing a subject beyond the first distance; setting a boundary region for auto-focusing in a first region corresponding to the one mode, the boundary region starting at a boundary position beyond an ending position of the first region and apart from the ending position by a number of driving steps of a focus motor times two; performing the auto-focusing in the first region corresponding to the one mode; determining whether a position of a focus lens is within the boundary region; if the position of the focus lens is within the boundary region, determining whether a final position of the focus lens is set according to the result of the auto-focusing in the first region; and performing auto-focusing in a second region corresponding to the other mode among the macro mode and the normal mode in the same direction as the auto-focusing in the first region without the user selecting the other mode when the final position of the focus lens is not set in the first region.
 2. The automatic focusing method of claim 1, further comprising: setting the macro mode, wherein the macro mode is appropriate for photographing a subject within the first distance; performing for auto-focusing in a first region corresponding to the macro mode; determining if the final position of the focus lens is set according to the result of the auto-focusing in the first region corresponding to the macro mode; and performing for auto-focusing in the second region corresponding to the normal mode when the final position of the focus lens is not set in the first region, wherein the normal mode is appropriate for photographing a subject beyond the first distance.
 3. The automatic focusing method of claim 1, further comprising initializing for auto focusing in the first region corresponding to the one mode.
 4. The automatic focusing method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing for auto-focusing in a first region corresponding to the one mode comprises: outputting a focus value in the first region corresponding to the one mode; updating a maximum focus value whenever the focus value is output; determining whether the output focus value has decreased; and setting the final position of the focus lens to a position of the focus lens corresponding to the updated maximum focus value when the output focus value has decreased.
 5. The automatic focusing method of claim 4, wherein the step of determining whether the output focus value has decreased comprises: forming a difference between the maximum focus value and the presently output focus value; comparing the difference with a first reference; and determining that the presently output focus value has decreased when the difference is greater than the first reference.
 6. The automatic focusing method of claim 4, further comprising: determining whether a position of the focus lens is within a boundary region when the output focus value has not decreased; and determining that the final position of the focus lens is not set in the first region when the position of the focus lens is within the boundary region.
 7. The automatic focusing method of claim 1, further comprising initializing for auto-focusing in the second region corresponding to the other mode among the macro mode and the normal mode when the final position of the focus lens is not set in the first region.
 8. An automatic focusing apparatus comprising: an input mechanism that sets one mode among a macro mode and a normal mode, wherein the macro mode is appropriate for photographing a subject within a first distance and the normal mode is appropriate for photographing a subject beyond the first distance; and a controlling mechanism that: sets a boundary region for the auto-focusing in a first region corresponding to the one mode, the boundary region starting at a boundary position beyond an ending position of the first region and apart from the ending position by a number of driving steps of a focus motor times two; performs auto-focusing in the first region corresponding to the one mode; determines whether a position of a focus lens is within the boundary region; if the position of the focus lens is within the boundary region, determines whether a final position of the focus lens is set according to the result of the auto-focusing in the first region; and performs auto-focusing in a second region corresponding to the other mode among the macro mode and the normal mode in the same direction as the auto-focusing in the first region without the user selecting the other mode when the final position of the focus lens is not set in the first region.
 9. The automatic focusing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the input mechanism allows the user to set one mode among the macro mode and the normal mode.
 10. The automatic focusing apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the input mechanism comprises elements that set the macro mode, wherein the macro mode is appropriate for photographing a subject within the first distance; and the controlling mechanism comprises elements that: perform auto-focusing determining in a first region corresponding to the macro mode; determine if the final position of the focus lens is set according to the result of the auto-focusing in the first region corresponding to the macro mode, and perform auto-focusing in the second region corresponding to a normal mode when the final position of the focus lens is not set in the first region wherein the normal mode is appropriate for photographing a subject beyond the first distance.
 11. The automatic focusing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the controlling mechanism further comprises elements that initialize auto focusing in the first region corresponding to the one mode.
 12. The automatic focusing apparatus of claim 8, wherein a mechanism that performs auto-focusing in a first region corresponding to the one mode comprises elements that: output a focus value in the first region corresponding to the one mode; update a maximum focus value whenever the focus value is output; determine whether the output focus value has decreased; and set the final position of the focus lens to a position of the focus lens corresponding to the updated maximum focus value when the output focus value has decreased.
 13. The automatic focusing apparatus of claim 12, wherein the element that determines whether the output focus value has decreased comprises elements that: form a difference between the maximum focus value and the presently output focus value; compare the difference with a first reference; and determine that the presently output focus value has decreased when the difference is greater than the first reference.
 14. The automatic focusing apparatus of claim 12, wherein the control mechanism further comprises elements that: determine whether a position of the focus lens is within a boundary region when the output focus value has not decreased; and determine that the final position of the focus lens is not set in the first region when the position of the focus lens is within the boundary region.
 15. The automatic focusing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the controlling mechanism further comprises elements that initialize for auto-focusing in a second region corresponding to the other mode among the macro mode and the normal mode when the final position of the focus lens is not set in the first region.
 16. The automatic focusing method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing for auto-focusing in a first region corresponding to the one mode comprises: outputting a first focus value by a first number of driving steps of a focus motor; determining whether the output first focus value has decreased; outputting a second focus value by a second number of driving steps of the focus motor that is smaller than the first number in a region including a position of the focus lens corresponding to the first focus value when the output first focus value has decreased; determining whether the output second focus value has decreased; and setting the final position of the focus lens when the output second focus value has decreased.
 17. The automatic focusing apparatus of claim 8, wherein a mechanism that performs auto-focusing in a first region corresponding to the one mode comprises elements that: output a first focus value by a first number of driving steps of a focus motor; determine whether the output first focus value has decreased; output a second focus value by a second number of driving steps of the focus motor that is smaller than the first number in a region including a position of the focus lens corresponding to the first focus value when the output first focus value has decreased; determine whether the output second focus value has decreased; and set the final position of the focus lens when the output second focus value has decreased. 